在Swift中,您可以利用以下步调来获取网络权限:
方式一:
<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key><dict> <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key> <true/></dict>这将允许您的应用步伐从任何域加载任何内容,而无需先得到允许。
- 在应用步伐的代码中,您可以利用以下代码段来查抄并哀求网络权限:
import UIKitimport SystemConfigurationclass ViewController: UIViewController { override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() // 查抄网络毗连 if Reachability.isConnectedToNetwork(){ print("网络已毗连") }else{ print("网络未毗连") } }}public class Reachability { class func isConnectedToNetwork() -> Bool { var status:Bool = false let url = URL(string: "https://www.baidu.com/") let request = NSMutableURLRequest(url: url!) request.httpMethod = "HEAD" request.cachePolicy = NSURLRequest.CachePolicy.reloadIgnoringLocalAndRemoteCacheData request.timeoutInterval = 10.0 var response:URLResponse? do { _ = try NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request as URLRequest, returning: &response) as NSData? if let httpResponse = response as? HTTPURLResponse { if httpResponse.statusCode == 200 { status = true } } } catch let error as NSError { print(error.localizedDescription) status = false } return status } class func isConnectedToNetwork_iOS11() -> Bool { var status = false if let url = URL(string: "https://www.baidu.com/") { let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default config.timeoutIntervalForRequest = 10.0 let session = URLSession(configuration: config) let task = session.dataTask(with: url) { (_, response, error) in if let httpResponse = response as? HTTPURLResponse { if httpResponse.statusCode == 200 { status = true } } } task.resume() } return status }}在这个例子中,我们起首导入了两个库:UIKit和SystemConfiguration。然后我们创建了一个名为Reachability的公共类。这个类包含了一个名为isConnectedToNetwork()的方法,该方法通过实验毗连到一个URL来查抄当前毗连状态。如果毗连乐成,返回true,否则返回false。我们还在ViewController类的viewDidLoad()方法中利用了Reachability来查抄网络毗连。
- 如果用户没有授权网络权限,您可以利用以下代码段来向用户哀求授权:
import UIKitimport SystemConfigurationclass ViewController: UIViewController { override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() // 查抄网络毗连 if Reachability.isConnectedToNetwork(){ print("网络已毗连") }else{ let alertController = UIAlertController(title: "网络错误", message: "请授予应用步伐网络权限", preferredStyle: .alert) let settingsAction = UIAlertAction(title: "设置", style: .default) { (_) -> Void in guard let settingsUrl = URL(string: UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString) else { return } if UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(settingsUrl) { UIApplication.shared.open(settingsUrl, completionHandler: { (success) in print("设置打开: \(success)") }) } } let cancelAction = UIAlertAction(title: "取消", style: .default, handler: nil) alertController.addAction(cancelAction) alertController.addAction(settingsAction) present(alertController, animated: true, completion: nil) } }}public class Reachability { class func isConnectedToNetwork() -> Bool { var status:Bool = false let url = URL(string: "https://www.baidu.com/") let request = NSMutableURLRequest(url: url!) request.httpMethod = "HEAD" request.cachePolicy = NSURLRequest.CachePolicy.reloadIgnoringLocalAndRemoteCacheData request.timeoutInterval = 10.0 var response:URLResponse? do { _ = try NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request as URLRequest, returning: &response) as NSData? if let httpResponse = response as? HTTPURLResponse { if httpResponse.statusCode == 200 { status = true } } } catch let error as NSError { print(error.localizedDescription) status = false } return status } class func isConnectedToNetwork_iOS11() -> Bool { var status = false if let url = URL(string: "https://www.baidu.com/") { let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default config.timeoutIntervalForRequest = 10.0 let session = URLSession(configuration: config) let task = session.dataTask(with: url) { (_, response, error) in if let httpResponse = response as? HTTPURLResponse { if httpResponse.statusCode == 200 { status = true } } } task.resume() } return status }}在这个例子中,我们起首查抄网络毗连。如果毗连失败,将弹出一个警告对话框,提示用户授予网络权限。如果用户单击“设置”按钮,应用步伐将实验打开体系设置页面。用户可以在这个页面上为应用步伐授权网络权限。
方式二:( iOS 12以上)
import UIKitimport Networkclass ViewController: UIViewController { override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() // 查抄网络毗连 checkNetwork() } // 查抄网络毗连 func checkNetwork() { let monitor = NWPathMonitor() monitor.pathUpdateHandler = { [weak self] path in DispatchQueue.main.async { if path.status == .satisfied { print("网络已毗连") } else { //扣问用户是否前去设置中开启网络 let alertController = UIAlertController(title: "网络错误", message: "请授予应用步伐网络权限", preferredStyle: .alert) let settingsAction = UIAlertAction(title: "设置", style: .default) { (_) -> Void in guard let settingsUrl = URL(string: UIApplication.openSettingsURLString) else { return } if UIApplication.shared.canOpenURL(settingsUrl) { UIApplication.shared.open(settingsUrl, completionHandler: { (success) in print("设置打开: \(success)") }) } } let cancelAction = UIAlertAction(title: "取消", style: .default, handler: nil) alertController.addAction(cancelAction) alertController.addAction(settingsAction) self?.present(alertController, animated: true, completion: nil) } } } let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "Monitor") monitor.start(queue: queue) }}在iOS 12中,苹果已经引入了新的网络框架Network,在示例中我们利用了该框架来查抄网络状态。代码中,我们起首创建一个NWPathMonitor对象,然后设置pathUpdateHandler回调函数,该回调函数将在网络状态发生厘革时触发。如果网络状态毗连正常,则输出"网络已毗连",否则弹出提示框扣问用户是否跳转到体系设置中开启网络。
值得留意的是,在iOS 12中,若必要利用网络功能,还必要在Info.plist文件中设置com.apple.developer.networking.networkextension权限。您可以在Xcode的App Capabilities页面中勾选Network Extensions选项,以自动添加对应的权限设置。
监听网络毗连状态
import Alamofire // 必要安装Alamofire框架 let reachabilityManager = NetworkReachabilityManager.default reachabilityManager?.startListening(onUpdatePerforming: { status in switch status { case .notReachable: print("没有网络毗连") case .unknown : print("未知网络毗连状态") case .reachable(.ethernetOrWiFi): print("毗连到WiFi网络") case .reachable(.cellular): print("毗连到移动网络") } })在上面的代码中,起首导入Alamofire框架,然后创建一个NetworkReachabilityManager对象。通过给listener属性赋值一个闭包块,监听网络毗连状态的厘革。根据不同的状态,输出相应的提示信息。最后,调用startListening()方法启动监听网络毗连状态的厘革。
必要留意的是,NetworkReachabilityManager类只能检测当前装备的网络毗连状态,不能检测服务器状态。如果必要检测服务器状态,看下面。
检测服务器状态
import Alamofirelet url = "https://www.example.com"Alamofire.request(url, method: .head).response { response in if let statusCode = response.response?.statusCode { if (200...299).contains(statusCode) { print("服务器正常") } else { print("服务器异常") } } else { print("无法毗连到服务器") }}在上面的代码中,起首界说了一个URL,然后利用Alamofire.request()方法发起一个HEAD哀求。通过查抄返回的状态码,判断服务器状态。如果状态码为200到299之间,则表现服务器正常。如果状态码不在这个范围内,表现服务器异常。如果无法毗连到服务器,则输出“无法毗连到服务器”的提示信息。
必要留意的是,Alamofire.request()方法会壅闭当火线程,直到服务器返反相应或发生超时。因此,在实际利用中,可能必要在其他线程或队列中实行此方法,以克制壅闭UI线程。 |