Android App安装弹窗表现流程

计算机软件开发 · 2024-9-30 11:07:03

一、APP的安装

1、常见安装方式

系统应用和预制应用安装――开机时完成，没有安装界面，在PKMS的构造函数中完成安装
网络下载或第三方应用安装――调用PackageManager.installPackages()，有安装界面。
ADB工具安装――没有安装界面，它通过启动pm脚本的情势，然后调用com.android.commands.pm.Pm类，之后调用到PMS.installStage()完成安装。

2、APK的署名校验明确

V1署名apk-signature-v1-location.png只是校验了apk资源,并没有束缚zip,署名信息存储在zip/META-INF中。v2署名是一个对全文件举行署名的方案,能提供更快的应用安装时间、对未授权APK文件的更改提供更多掩护.3、APK安装过程

开机后扫描应用安装目次和系统App目次，剖析此中的apk文件将相干信息加载到PKMS中的数据结构中，同时对于没有对应数据目次的App天生对应的数据目次
注册包名App等信息、以及相干的四大组件到PMS中
将剖析到的数据同步到/data/system/packages.xml中

4、App安装涉及的目次明确

系统App安装目次

1、 /system/app: Android系统App路径
2、/system/priv-app: 同上，但比/system/app权限优先级更高，可以拿到ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED特殊权限
3、/vendor/app: odm大概oem厂商预制系统App目次
4、/vendor/priva-app: 同上

平常应用App安装目次

/data/app：用户App步伐安装的目次。安装时Apk会被拷贝至此目次

用户数据目次

/data/data：存放应用步伐的数据,无论是系统App还是平常App,App产生的用户数据都存放在/data/data/包名/目次下。

App注册表目次

/data/system
1、packages.xml:
记载apk的permissions,,flags,ts,version,uesrid等信息，这些信息紧张通apk的AndroidManifest.xml剖析获取，当系统举行步伐安装、卸载和更新等利用时，均会更新该文件。
2、packages-backup.xml : 备份文件
3、packages-stopped.xml : 记载被用户强行制止的应用的Package信息
4、packages-stopped-backup.xml : pakcages-stoped.xml文件的备份
5、packages.list : 记载非系统自带的APK的数据信息，这些APK有变革时会更新该文件

5、package.xml文件剖析

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8' standalone='yes' ?><packages> <version sdkVersion="xxx" databaseVersion="xxx" fingerprint="xxx" /> <version volumeUuid="xxx" sdkVersion="xxx" databaseVersion="xxx" fingerprint="xxx" /> <permissions> <item name="android.permission.REAL_GET_TASKS" package="android" protection="18" /> ... </permissions> <package name="com.android.providers.telephony" codePath="/system/priv-app/TelephonyProvider" nativeLibraryPath="/system/priv-app/TelephonyProvider/lib" publicFlags="1007402501" privateFlags="8" ft="11e8dc5d800" it="11e8dc5d800" ut="11e8dc5d800" version="25" versionName="7.1.2" applicationName="电话和短信存储" sharedUserId="1001" isOrphaned="true"> <sigs count="1"> <cert index="1" key="xxx" /> </sigs> <perms> <item name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" granted="true" flags="0" /> ... </perms> <proper-signing-keyset identifier="1" /> </package> ... <updated-package name="xxx.xxx.xxx" codePath="/system/app/xxx" ft="11e8dc5d800" it="11e8dc5d800" ut="11e8dc5d800" version="11" nativeLibraryPath="/system/app/xxx/lib" primaryCpuAbi="armeabi-v7a" sharedUserId="1000" /> <shared-user name="android.media" userId="10005"> <sigs count="1"> <cert index="2" /> </sigs> <perms> <item name="android.permission.ACCESS_CACHE_FILESYSTEM" granted="true" flags="0" /> ... </perms> </shared-user> ...</packages> package.xml对应的类图关系

BasePermission

BasePermission对应packages.xml中permissions标签的子标签item，对于上述所界说的每一项权限都会天生一个BasePermission。
protection ：品级分为四个
1、平常权限（normal）
2、运行时权限（dangerous）
3、署名权限（signature）
4、特殊权限（privileged）

PermissionsState

PermissionState对应的是<package>标签中的子标签<perms>标签中的内容

PackageSignatures

PackageSignatures对应的是<package>标签中的子标签<sigs>标签中的内容

PackageSetting

PackageSetting这个数据结构类是packages.xml里面记载安装包信息标签<package>相对应的类，可以看到PackageSetting继承了PackageSettingBase类，PackageSettingBase类继承自SettingBase类。应用的根本信息生存在PackageSettingBase类的成员变量中，署名则生存在PackageSignatures中，权限状态生存在父类的SettingBase的PermissionsState中。

SharedUserSetting

SharedUserSetting这个数据结构类是packages.xml里面记载安装包信息标签<shared-user>相对应的类，它和PackageSetting有一个共同的父类即SettingBase，即都是通过父类的PermissionsState来生存权限信息。SharedUserSetting被筹划的用途紧张用来形貌具有雷同的sharedUserId的应用信息，它的成员变量packages生存了全部具有雷同sharedUserId的应用信息引用，而成员变量userId则是记载多个APK共享的UID。共享用户的应用的署名是雷同的，署名生存在成员变量signatures中(这里有一点必要注意，由于署名雷同，Android运行时很轻易检索到某个应用拥有雷同的sharedUserId的其他应用)。

<shared-user name="android.media" userId="10005"> <sigs count="1"> <cert index="2" /> </sigs> <perms> <item name="android.permission.ACCESS_CACHE_FILESYSTEM" granted="true" flags="0" /> ... </perms></shared-user>

Settings : package.xml 终极大管家类

二、APP安装团体流程

代码堆栈：http://androidxref.com/9.0.0_r3/xref/packages/apps/PackageInstaller/src/com/android/packageinstaller/InstallStart.java
1、安装APP代码入口

<activity android:name=".InstallStart" android:exported="true" android:excludeFromRecents="true"> <intent-filter android:priority="1">       <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW"/>       <action android:name="android.intent.action.INSTALL_PACKAGE"/>       <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>       <data android:scheme="file"/>       <data android:scheme="content"/>       <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.android.package-archive"/> </intent-filter> <intent-filter android:priority="1">       <action android:name="android.intent.action.INSTALL_PACKAGE"/>       <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>       <data android:scheme="file"/>       <data android:scheme="package"/>       <data android:scheme="content"/> </intent-filter> <intent-filter android:priority="1">       <action android:name="android.content.pm.action.CONFIRM_PERMISSIONS"/>       <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/> </intent-filter> </activity>2、根据Uri的Scheme协议差别，跳转到差别的界面

content协议跳转到InstallStaging，package协议跳转到PackageInstallerActivity
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);       setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);       ......       Intent nextActivity = new Intent(intent);       nextActivity.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_FORWARD_RESULT);       // The the installation source as the nextActivity thinks this activity is the source, hence       // set the originating UID and sourceInfo explicitly       nextActivity.putExtra(PackageInstallerActivity.EXTRA_CALLING_PACKAGE, callingPackage);       nextActivity.putExtra(PackageInstallerActivity.EXTRA_ORIGINAL_SOURCE_INFO, sourceInfo);       nextActivity.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_ORIGINATING_UID, originatingUid);       //1、content的Uri协议： InstallStaging       //2、package的Url协议：PackageInstallerActivity       if (PackageInstaller.ACTION_CONFIRM_PERMISSIONS.equals(intent.getAction())) {          nextActivity.setClass(this, PackageInstallerActivity.class);       } else {          Uri packageUri = intent.getData();          if (packageUri != null && (packageUri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE)                   || packageUri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT))) {             // Copy file to prevent it from being changed underneath this process                //1、content的Uri协议： InstallStaging                nextActivity.setClass(this, InstallStaging.class);          } else if (packageUri != null && packageUri.getScheme().equals(                   PackageInstallerActivity.SCHEME_PACKAGE)) {             //package的Url协议：PackageInstallerActivity                nextActivity.setClass(this, PackageInstallerActivity.class);          } else {             Intent result = new Intent();             result.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INSTALL_RESULT,                      PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_URI);             setResult(RESULT_FIRST_USER, result);             nextActivity = null;          }       }             if (nextActivity != null) {          startActivity(nextActivity);       }       finish(); }3、InstallStaging类的先容

紧张内容：将content协议的Uri转换为package协议的Uri,然后通过IO情势写入到mStagedFile文件中
作用：紧张起了转换的作用，将content协议的Uri转换为package协议，然后跳转到PackageInstallerActivity
@Override  protected void onResume() {    super.onResume();    if (mStagingTask == null) {       if (mStagedFile == null) {             try {                mStagedFile = TemporaryFileManager.getStagedFile(this);             } catch (IOException e) {                showError();                return;             }       }       mStagingTask = new StagingAsyncTask();       mStagingTask.execute(getIntent().getData());    }  } private final class StagingAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Uri, Void, Boolean> {       @Override       protected Boolean doInBackground(Uri... params) {          if (params == null || params.length <= 0) {             return false;          }          Uri packageUri = params[0];          try (InputStream in = getContentResolver().openInputStream(packageUri)) {             if (in == null) {                   return false;             }             try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(mStagedFile)) {                   byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];                   int bytesRead;                   while ((bytesRead = in.read(buffer)) >= 0) {                      if (isCancelled()) {                         return false;                      }                      out.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);                   }             }          } catch (IOException | SecurityException e) {             Log.w(LOG_TAG, "Error staging apk from content URI", e);             return false;          }          return true;       }       @Override       protected void onPostExecute(Boolean success) {          if (session != null) {       Intent broadcastIntent = new Intent(BROADCAST_ACTION);       broadcastIntent.setPackage(                getPackageManager().getPermissionControllerPackageName());       broadcastIntent.putExtra(EventResultPersister.EXTRA_ID, mInstallId);       PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(                InstallInstalling.this,                mInstallId,                broadcastIntent,                PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);       //APP安装的启动入口       session.commit(pendingIntent.getIntentSender());       mCancelButton.setEnabled(false);       setFinishOnTouchOutside(false);    } else {       getPackageManager().getPackageInstaller().abandonSession(mSessionId);       if (!isCancelled()) {          launchFailure(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK, null);       }    }}4、PackageInstallerActivity类的先容

它就是在安装应用表现弹窗的Activity

@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle icicle) { super.onCreate(icicle); if (icicle != null) { mAllowUnknownSources = icicle.getBoolean(ALLOW_UNKNOWN_SOURCES_KEY); } mPm = getPackageManager(); mIpm = AppGlobals.getPackageManager(); mAppOpsManager = (AppOpsManager) getSystemService(Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE); mInstaller = mPm.getPackageInstaller(); mUserManager = (UserManager) getSystemService(Context.USER_SERVICE); ... //根据Uri的Scheme举行预处理处罚 boolean wasSetUp = processPackageUri(packageUri); if (!wasSetUp) { return; } bindUi(R.layout.install_confirm, false); //判定是否是未知泉源的应用，假如开启答应安装未知泉源选项则直接初始化安装 checkIfAllowedAndInitiateInstall();}

分别对content和package两种差别协议处理处罚

private boolean processPackageUri(final Uri packageUri) { mPackageURI = packageUri; final String scheme = packageUri.getScheme();//1 switch (scheme) { case SCHEME_PACKAGE: { try { ... } break; case SCHEME_FILE: { File sourceFile = new File(packageUri.getPath()); //得到sourceFile的包信息 PackageParser.Package parsed = PackageUtil.getPackageInfo(this, sourceFile); if (parsed == null) { Log.w(TAG, "

arse error when parsing manifest. Discontinuing installation"); showDialogInner(DLG_PACKAGE_ERROR); setPmResult(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK); return false; } //对parsed举行进一步处理处罚得到包信息PackageInfo mPkgInfo = PackageParser.generatePackageInfo(parsed, null, PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS, 0, 0, null, new PackageUserState());//3 mAppSnippet = PackageUtil.getAppSnippet(this, mPkgInfo.applicationInfo, sourceFile); } break; default: { Log.w(TAG, "Unsupported scheme " + scheme); setPmResult(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_URI); finish(); return false; } } return true; }

弹窗上表现是否优劣法安装的处理处罚

private void checkIfAllowedAndInitiateInstall() { //判定假如答应安装未知泉源大概根据Intent判定得出该APK不是未知泉源 if (mAllowUnknownSources || !isInstallRequestFromUnknownSource(getIntent())) { //初始化安装 initiateInstall(); return; } // 假如管理员限定来自未知源的安装, 就弹出提示Dialog大概跳转到设置界面 if (isUnknownSourcesDisallowed()) { if ((mUserManager.getUserRestrictionSource(UserManager.DISALLOW_INSTALL_UNKNOWN_SOURCES, Process.myUserHandle()) & UserManager.RESTRICTION_SOURCE_SYSTEM) != 0) { showDialogInner(DLG_UNKNOWN_SOURCES_RESTRICTED_FOR_USER); return; } else { startActivity(new Intent(Settings.ACTION_SHOW_ADMIN_SUPPORT_DETAILS)); finish(); } } else { handleUnknownSources(); } }

InstallStaging.java session.commit() 去实验系统framework层

protected void onPostExecute(Boolean success) { if (session != null) { Intent broadcastIntent = new Intent(BROADCAST_ACTION); broadcastIntent.setPackage( getPackageManager().getPermissionControllerPackageName()); broadcastIntent.putExtra(EventResultPersister.EXTRA_ID, mInstallId); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast( InstallInstalling.this, mInstallId, broadcastIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); //APP安装的启动入口 session.commit(pendingIntent.getIntentSender()); mCancelButton.setEnabled(false); setFinishOnTouchOutside(false); } else { getPackageManager().getPackageInstaller().abandonSession(mSessionId); if (!isCancelled()) { launchFailure(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK, null); } }

PackageInstaller.java 类

public void commit(@NonNull IntentSender statusReceiver) { try { mSession.commit(statusReceiver); } catch (RemoteException e) { throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer(); } }

PackageInstallerSession.java类
PackageInstallObserverAdapter继承PackageInstallObserver : 监听安装APP的过程
mSessionId是安装包的会话id，mInstallId是期待的安装变乱id

@Override public void commit(IntentSender statusReceiver) { Preconditions.checkNotNull(statusReceiver); ... mActiveCount.incrementAndGet(); final PackageInstallObserverAdapter adapter = new PackageInstallObserverAdapter(mContext, statusReceiver, sessionId, mIsInstallerDeviceOwner, userId); //Handler发送一个范例为MSG_COMMIT的消息，关照PMS安装应用 mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_COMMIT, adapter.getBinder()).sendToTarget(); }private final Handler.Callback mHandlerCallback = new Handler.Callback() { @Override public boolean handleMessage(Message msg) { final PackageInfo pkgInfo = mPm.getPackageInfo( params.appPackageName, PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES | PackageManager.MATCH_STATIC_SHARED_LIBRARIES /*flags*/, userId); final ApplicationInfo appInfo = mPm.getApplicationInfo( params.appPackageName, 0, userId); synchronized (mLock) { if (msg.obj != null) { mRemoteObserver = (IPackageInstallObserver2) msg.obj; } try { //PMS开始安装应用 commitLocked(pkgInfo, appInfo); } catch (PackageManagerException e) { final String completeMsg = ExceptionUtils.getCompleteMessage(e); Slog.e(TAG, "Commit of session " + sessionId + " failed: " + completeMsg); destroyInternal(); //安装时间出现非常标题 dispatchSessionFinished(e.error, completeMsg, null); } return true; } } };private void commitLocked(PackageInfo pkgInfo, ApplicationInfo appInfo) throws PackageManagerException { ... //关照 PMS开始安装应用 mPm.installStage(mPackageName, stageDir, stageCid, localObserver, params, installerPackageName, installerUid, user, mCertificates); }总结：

根据Uri的Scheme协议差别，跳转到差别的界面，content协议跳转到InstallStaging，package跳转到PackageInstallerActivity。
InstallStaging将content协议的Uri转换为File协议，然后跳转到PackageInstallerActivity。
PackageInstallerActivity会分别对package协媾和file协议的Uri举行处理处罚，假如是file协议会剖析APK文件得到包信息PackageInfo。
PackageInstallerActivity中会对未知泉源举行处理处罚，假如答应安装未知泉源大概根据Intent判定得出该APK不是未知泉源，就会初始化安装确认界面，假如管理员限定来自未知源的安装, 就弹出提示Dialog大概跳转到设置界面。

参考链接：https://maoao530.github.io/2017/01/18/package-install/

Android App安装弹窗表现流程

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